结合句法依存信息的方面级情感分类

引入句法依存信息到原方面术语,提出一种新的方面术语表示方法,利用Glove词向量表示单词以及单词与单词之间的依存关系,构造出包含句法依存信息的依存关系邻接矩阵和依存关系表示矩阵,利用图卷积神经网络和多头注意力机制将句法依存信息融入到方面术语中,使得方面术语表达与上下文结构高度相关。将改进后的方面词术语表示替换到现有模型后,模型泛化能力得到有效提升。对比试验和分析结果表明:该方法具有有效性和泛化性。     

Tibetan Multi-Dialect Speech and Dialect Identity Recognition

Tibetan language has very limited resource for conventional automatic speech recognition so far. It lacks of enough data, sub-word unit, lexicons and word inventories for some dialects. And speech content recognition and dialect classification have been treated as two independent tasks and modeled respectively in most prior works. But the two tasks are highly correlated. In this paper, we present a multi-task WaveNet model to perform simultaneous Tibetan multi-dialect speech recognition and dialect identification. It avoids processing the pronunciation dictionary and word segmentation for new dialects, while, in the meantime, allows training speech recognition and dialect identification in a single model. The experimental results show our method can simultaneously recognize speech content for different Tibetan dialects and identify the dialect with high accuracy using a unified model. The dialect information used in output for training can improve multi-dialect speech recognition accuracy, and the low-resource dialects got higher speech content recognition rate and dialect classification accuracy by multi-dialect and multi-task recognition model than task-specific models.     

Thickness dependent barrier performance of permeation barriers made from atomic layer deposited alumina for organic devices

Organic devices like organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) or organic solar cells degrade fast when exposed to ambient air. Hence, thin-films acting as permeation barriers are needed for their protection. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is known to be one of the best technologies to reach barriers with a low defect density at gentle process conditions. As well, ALD is reported to be one of the thinnest barrier layers, with a critical thickness – defining a continuous barrier film – as low as 5–10 nm for ALD processed Al₂O₃. In this work, we investigate the barrier performance of Al₂O₃ films processed by ALD at 80 °C with trimethylaluminum and ozone as precursors. The coverage of defects in such films is investigated on a 5 nm thick Al₂O₃ film, i.e. below the critical thickness, on calcium using atomic force microscopy (AFM). We find for this sub-critical thickness regime that all spots giving raise to water ingress on the 20 × 20 μm² scan range are positioned on nearly flat surface sites without the presence of particles or large substrate features. Hence below the critical thickness, ALD leaves open or at least weakly covered spots even on feature-free surface sites. The thickness dependent performance of these barrier films is investigated for thicknesses ranging from 15 to 100 nm, i.e. above the assumed critical film thickness of this system. To measure the barrier performance, electrical calcium corrosion tests are used in order to measure the water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), electrodeposition is used in order to decorate and count defects, and dark spot growth on OLEDs is used in order to confirm the results for real devices. For 15–25 nm barrier thickness, we observe an exponential decrease in defect density with barrier thickness which explains the likewise observed exponential decrease in WVTR and OLED degradation rate. Above 25 nm, a further increase in barrier thickness leads to a further exponential decrease in defect density, but an only sub-exponential decrease in WVTR and OLED degradation rate. In conclusion, the performance of the thin Al₂O₃ permeation barrier is dominated by its defect density. This defect density is reduced exponentially with increasing barrier thickness for alumina thicknesses of up to at least 25 nm.     

基于空间句法的历史城区叙事空间研究

如何将历史城区的物质环境与社会文化等人文要素相结合,营造“高语境”、“原真性”的历史空间环境,是历史城区保护必须面对的重要问题。基于叙事学视角,从叙事簇群、叙事廊道、叙事点核的单元结构出发,引入空间句法量化方法,对历史城区叙事空间的空间权力表征、功能表征、特质表征给予量化解释,并为历史城区活化保护提供建议。     

旅游驱动的少数民族建筑景观变迁研究——以九寨沟为例

旅游发展驱动的少数民族建筑景观的变迁,是旅游对区域文化影响的重要表现.文章通过对九寨沟树正寨的实地问卷与深入访谈调查,分析了居民和游客对藏寨建筑景观特色变迁的感知,认为居民对藏寨建筑景观的特色并没有清晰的认识,保护没有得到重视,而游客也缺乏对真实藏族传统文化的认识.研究认为,少数民族旅游地传统民族文化的保护,重在认清民族文化的差异和精华,增强当地居民的自我认同,促进社区居民参与旅游规划和管理,培养主人意识,形成对民族文化保护和传承的自觉性;同时还需要深化旅游地的管理,以引导为主,积极应对经济水平提高以后居民对生活环境改造的合理要求.     

论保护规划中建设控制地带和控制措施的法律效力

历史文化名城保护规划等保护规划对建设控制地带和控制措施均做出了相应的规定,然而在实际执行过程中却因法律授权不明确、强制力不够等而得不到贯彻实施,因此,需明确建设控制地带和控制措施的法律地位,二者的强制力源自为公共利益而行使的征收权.     

关于三峡库区周边坡体岩石特性的考察

岩石强度的载荷速率相关性与岩石的时间相关性特性及粘弹性性质密切相关，而且强度的栽荷速率相关性越大，越容易发生蠕变破坏。对于坡体来说，如果构成坡体的岩石的时间相关性很显著．那么即使在比较低的应力下仅施加一点载荷，也容易发生变形。针对三峡库区周边滑坡多发，采集了组成滑坡坡体的4类主要岩石-泥岩、灰岩、泥质砂岩及砂岩。通过室内岩石力学强度试验，获得了不同岩石的强度特性曲线及表示载荷速率相关性的参数n。利用一个试件通过载荷速率交替变换获得了不同应变速率下的应力-应变曲线，从而根据强度的变化率不仅获得了峰值强度的载荷速率相关性，而且还求得了残余强度的载荷速率相关性。在单轴压缩试验中，残余强度的n值与峰值强度的n值有较大的差异，但在三轴压缩试验中两者的差异却不太明显。而且在气干状态下，不管是峰值强度还是残余强度的n值均随着围压的增加而增加。     

甘青川滇藏区传统地域建筑文化的多元性

特殊的地理和文化区位造成了甘青川滇藏区建筑文化的多元性特征,而建筑文化的多样性是形成本地区传统地域建筑丰富类型的重要因素,同时,丰富的建筑类型也是文化多样性在建筑领域的集中体现.对历史沿革、文化背景与西藏地区有着显著差异的甘青川滇藏区的传统地域建筑进行深入研究,不仅有助于西藏建筑研究和解决西北及西南地区建筑研究中某些跨区域问题,也可深化对整个藏区建筑格局的认识.     

建筑语言演进的动力与规律——建筑创新的认识论基础

从建筑语言的系统性与矛盾性,去分析研究建筑语言演进的动力及其内在规律,并随之指出我们在建筑创作中所应确立和坚守的探索方向。     

信息认知逻辑及理论

本文主要探讨信息论跨学科发展的基本问题、理论和方法。通过分析Shannon测度,得出:‘划分’是获取信息的依据和根本方法。利用连续划分由离散信源熵推导连续信源熵。可消除logΔ→∞的矛盾。通过讨论模糊划分,得到划分的信息客观度和信息散失度;定量解决了正确选择‘划分’的问题。针对Shannon信源和划分的缺陷,本文提出了普适划分。从而可以认知信源输出的语法信息和语义识别信息;并且证明:Shannon信息是后者的近似。对先验知识不足的信源,用灰色信源描述。灰熵、灰信息作为熵和信息的估计;并用感知度δ_k定量描述了它们的接近程度,